Historical narratives of the maji maji scholarlycommons. Majimajiaufstand, sometimes called the maji maji jihad or maji maji war swahili. In the tradition of visionary prophets, kinjikitile claimed that by anointing his followers with blessed water, he could protect them from european bullets and drive the germans from east africa. Majimajiaufstand, sometimes called the maji maji jihad or. To make the message more appealing, ngwale provided his followers with magic medicine that would allegedly turn german bullets into water. Initially they attacked small outposts and damaged cotton plants.
A spirit medium named kinjikitile ngwale claimed to be. Kinjikitile ngwale began calling himself bokero and developed a belief that the this is a tale of one mans imperial african adventures, but it also refers to terrible injuries which he sustained. For example, samori of the mandingo was captured and died in exile. Majimaji rebellion project gutenberg selfpublishing. Kinjikitile ngwale began to move among various ethnic groups in german east. Vita vya maji maji, majimajikrieg, was an armed rebellion of islamic and animist africans against german colonial rule in german east africa modernday tanzania.
The former was a colony and part of german east africa from the 1880s to 1919, when, under the league of nations, it became a british mandate. Based on his own bitter experiences at the hands of german colonialists and their henchmen, kinjikitile began organizing in 1904. The maji maji warriors attacked in the open in a massive wave attack depending upon the war medicine to protect them. They had, nevertheless, been used with devastating effectiveness. Distance from 01887 us to 29611 us by car driving travel time, route, mileage, air, rail, flight, train, highway, land, road, sea on map. This report comes in the aftermath of a similar effort by representatives of the herero and nama peoples of the.
Reafrikanization and the reality of war by kwame agyei and akua nson akoto addresses the unresolved issues of survival and development raised by such luminaries as marcus garvey, martin delaney, drusilla houston, yaa asantewa, kwame nkrumah, franz fanon, kinjikitile ngwale, kimanthi, omowale malcolm x, queen mother moore, cheik anta diop, john henrik clarke. Many of the african leaders who resisted colonial rule died in battle or were executed or sent into exile after defeat. Kinjikitiles reputation spread rapidly, drawing followers from across 100,000 square miles of territory. Two years later, kinjikitile ngwale, a maji maji hero, was captured and hanged for. The africans in german east africa have been growing angrier and angrier with german rule.
According to the kamba, he lives somewhere in a hiding place and no one knows where. A spirit medium named kinjikitile ngwale claimed to be possessed by a snake spirit called hongo and to know a secret, sacred liquid war medicine that could repel german bullets. He defied the german colonialists in tanganyika, unleashed an uprising and gave the people. Hongo allegedly could provide tanganyikans with a kind of war medicine which would turn german bullets to water.
A spirit medium claimed to be possessed by a snake spirit named hongo. The story behind the only african country formed by merger of. At the beginning of the 20th century, he persuaded people in what is now tanzania to stand up and fight against the german gunman who had ruled the country during the colonial era, promising them protection from miraculous water. Tanzania wants compensation from germany for atrocities committed during colonialism.
The boxer rebellion, boxer uprising, or yihetuan movement was an antiimperialist, antiforeign, and antichristian uprising that took place in china between 1899 and 1901, toward the end of the qing dynasty. It served as a british military outpost during world war. Common motives of africas antiolonial resistances in. Over the years, the peasantbased oral medium of communication had brought news of the resistance of numerous nationalities of. Kinjikitile bokero ngwale died august 4, 1905 was a tanzanian medium and a leader of the 19051907 maji maji rebellion against colonial rule in german. Drinking stations were established to allow local populations to benefit from this magic medicine, which was sprinkled all over a. African culture african history african art black history books art history military art military history african warrior tattoos zulu warrior general joubert, bought mauser magazine rifles, firing smokeless ammunition, and a number of modern field guns and automatic weapons from the german armaments manufacturer krupp, the french firm creusot. History of tanzanias maji maji resistance afrikaiswoke. Some psychotic idiot who should be in a mental ward named kinjikitile ngwale thinks hes become some sort of snake spirit or some bullshit and has come to calling himself bokero. A spiritmedium named kinjikitile ngwale rose to prominence in much of the region, claiming to be possessed by a snake spirit, hongo. A prophetkinjikitile ngwaleemerged, who claimed to know the secret to a sacred liquid that could repel german bullets called maji maji, which means sacred water. Kinjikitile bokero ngwale died august 4, 1905 was a tanzanian medium and a leader of the 19051907 maji maji rebellion against colonial rule in german east africa present day tanzania. Students of african history learn that societies scattered across a large portion. It has been just muttering behind backs until today.
In 1904, the then relatively unknown kinjikitile disappeared from his home in ngarambe, matumbi. This is one of the sublists of the fifty thousand article vital articleslevel 5 and. Ngai enkai, enkai, engai, engai, mweai, mwiai is the supreme god in the religions of the kamba, kikuyu and maasai nationalities of kenya. Introduction james giblin and jamie monson the maji. The african great lakes nation of tanzania dates formally from 1964, when it was formed out of the union of the much larger mainland territory of tanganyika and the coastal archipelago of zanzibar. It was led by kinjikitile ngwale, also known as bokero. The bagh massacre occurred in the province of punjab, british india, on april, 1919. The first wave of africans attacked german garrisons as well as cotton fields from the matumbi hills utilizing traditional weapons and a formula composed of water, castor oil and millet. The maji maji war 19051907 kentake page black history. Rajabu rashidi mpella is a graduate from the university of dodoma with a bachelor degree in special needs education with a great spirit of volunteering rajabu mpella strived to become an it expert so as he can provide teachers and students with plenty of teaching and learning materials through internet based methods.
Additionally, there was a protest planned in the garden in the early afternoon over the. During the summer of 1905, east africa became the scene of a major historical battle. Ngwale began calling himself bokero and developed a belief that the people of german east africa had been called upon to eliminate the germans. The drought of 1905 proved to be the last straw, and a prophet named kinjikitile ngwale encouraged the people to revolt promising them supernatural protection from bullets with a sacred spiritual potion called maji maji or sacred water, which the people believed would turn german bullets to water. I chose to talk about this topic as i have an interest in finding out why africans living in southern sudan decided to revolt against the german rule. Kinjeketile and the maji maji rebellion african roots dw 23. Resentment quickly grew and an uprising erupted in july 1905. According to the kikuyu beliefs, he lives on the holy mountain kirinyaga mount kenya. The inevitable transcendence of the myth as an irreversible process of struggle and history. Choose from 500 different sets of sources history primary unit 5 flashcards on quizlet. A spirit medium named kinjikitile ngwale, who practiced folk islam that incorporated. Kinjikitile bokero ngwale died august 4, 1905 was a tanzanian medium and a leader of the 19051907 maji maji rebellion against colonial rule in the german east africa biography.
Kinjikitile ngwale history historia ya kinjikitile ngwale kinjekitile ngwale is a complex name in the history of tanzania. He defied the german colonialists in tanganyika, unleashed an uprising and gave the people with sacred water which they believed would keep them from harm. The maji maji rebellion, sometimes called the maji maji war, was a violent african resistance to colonial rule in the german colony of tanganyika, an uprising by several african indigenous communities in german east africa against the german rule in response to a german policy designed to force african peoples to grow cotton for export, lasting. Africa, spreading the message of opposition to german colonial authorities. Roots, dedicated to african history, a cooperation with the gerda henkel foundation. It serves as a centralized watchlist to track the status of wikipedias most essential articles. Kinjikitile was born in what is now tanzania then german east africa, later tanganyika. Kinjeketile and the maji maji rebellion african roots. With clever detectives, missing jewels, murderous women, daring spies, and more, mysteries and thrillers deliver pageturning delight with ever. During the majimaji rebellion in german east africa in 1905, a native spiritual leader named kinjikitile ngwale managed to convince thousands of warriors from several tribes that he had cast a spell that would that turn german machine gun bullets into water. What were the major contributing factors to the maji maji rebellion. Colonial authorities under the direction of karl peters, the founder of the german east africa company, imposed a draconian system of land theft, forced labor, economic exploitation and unjust taxation.
The most famous mganga was kinjikitile ngwale of ngarambe. Kinjeketile ngwale, the prophet who led tanganyika against. On july 31, 1905, matumbi men marched on samanga and destroyed the cotton crop as well as a trading post. Kinjikitile ngwale academic dictionaries and encyclopedias. Tanzania demands reparations for german colonial atrocities. Last thursday was the fifth anniversary of iconic south african reggae musician, lucky dubes death. But having done that, he then secularizes the myth by grounding it on the bedrock of practical military realities. The mediums name was kinjikitile ngwale, and he began to call himself bokero. Oclcs webjunction has pulled together information and resources to assist library staff as they consider how to handle coronavirus.
Kinjikitile bokero ngwale died august 4, 1905 was a tanzanian medium and a leader of the 19051907 maji maji rebellion against colonial rule in german east africa. It then remained for him to articulate albeit in the tragic recognition. Born in what is now tanzania then german east africa, later tanganyika, kinjikitile earned his place in folklore during the maji maji rebellion of the indigenous people of the german colony against the. The major contributing factors to the maji maji history essay. Increasing female literacy and falling price of books and. African roots kinjeketile and the maji maji rebellion. Numerous and frequentlyupdated resource results are available from this search. Thousands of sikhs, muslims, and hindus had gathered in the public garden on the festival day of vaisakhi.
Vital articles is a list of subjects for which wikipedia should have corresponding highquality articles. Thus, armed with arrows, spears, and doused with maji maji water, the first warriors of the rebellion began to move against the germans, attacking at first only small german outposts, such as at samanga, and destroying cotton crops. Kinjikitile bokero ngwale died august 4, 1905 was a tanzanian medium and a leader of the 1905 ndash. Distance between 01887 us and 29611 us distance calculator. Kinjikitile bokero ngwale died august 4, 1905 was a tanzanian medium and a leader of the 19051907 maji maji rebellion against colonial rule in german east africa biography edit. View notes 18453210621pb from chemistry 232 at jomo kenyatta university of agriculture and technology. The war was triggered by a german policy designed to force the indigenous population to grow cotton for export. Study 881 ss ap world history study guide 2012 mcmahon flashcards from studyblue on studyblue. Learn sources history primary unit 5 with free interactive flashcards. History of tanzania this article is part of a series timeline. Dube was gunned down in a carjack attempt at the age of 43. A spirit medium named kinjikitile ngwale, who practiced folk islam that incorporated animist beliefs, claimed to be possessed by a snake spirit called hongo.